Troubleshooting distributed, cloud-native systems shouldn't feel like a guessing game. This code-heavy, practical session focuses purely on the mechanics of capturing high-quality telemetry data. We will instrument a microservices architecture to generate custom logs, metrics, and distributed traces using OpenTelemetry. By the end of the session, attendees will understand how to properly instrument their applications and route that telemetry to centralised observability backends to instantly pinpoint bottlenecks and silent failures.