In this session, we delve into the common scenarios where PostgreSQL may not be utilizing indexes as expected, leading to suboptimal query performance. We explore the underlying reasons, such as query optimization, data distribution, and indexing strategies, that can impact index usage. Join us as we discuss practical solutions and best practices for diagnosing and rectifying these issues, ultimately improving the efficiency of your PostgreSQL database. Whether you're a database administrator, developer, or simply interested in database performance, this session provides valuable insights into maximizing the benefits of indexing in PostgreSQL.