Session

The Scanner Said Clean. We Ran It Again: Stochastic False Negatives in LLM Vulnerability Detection

An LLM vulnerability scanner can miss a real bug on one run and find it on the next without signaling uncertainty.

We measured this failure in 25,000 trials across 50 models on a benchmark selected for on-and-off detection. A separate 7,600-run study tested rediscovery of 95 disclosed CVEs in OpenSSL, curl, GnuTLS and five other heavily audited projects.

The results challenge the usual "pick the strongest model" strategy: repeated passes help, but diverse inexpensive models cover complementary blind spots and outperform a costlier single model. We will show our open-source scanner finding - and missing - the same bug, reveal which intuitive pipeline additions failed to justify their cost, and examine the gap between broadly detectable JS and PHP bugs and stubbornly hard stateful C vulnerabilities. Attendees will learn how to measure cumulative detection, compare complementary coverage and identify cases needing other techniques, using the public benchmark, harness and scanner.

Petr Simecek

AI Researcher @ AISLE — making LLM scanner failures measurable

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