Most Active Speakers 2024

Sessionize proudly presents the list of the most active speakers in the year 2024!

  • 1008 speakers
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Tine Staric

Tine Staric

Tine Starič is a software architect at Companial, helping Partners around the world develop products of the highest quality. He has been a Dynamics BC developer since 2015, working with end-customers, VARs, and ISVs, delivering support, implementation, localization, and product projects. He leads most developer productivity initiatives at Companial, and is constantly looking for opportunities to eliminate monotonous developer tasks by using modern tools and automation to make room for creative, fun, and high-value development.

Tine Starič is a software architect at Companial, helping Partners around the world develop products of the highest quality. He has been a Dynamics BC developer since 2015, working with end-customers, VARs, and ISVs, delivering support, implementatio... Show more

Pieter Nijs

Pieter Nijs

Pieter Nijs is .NET Consultant at Xebia Microsoft Services where he helps customers with 'everything mobile and cloud'.

He has a keen interest in mobile and cloud development and has played a key role in numerous projects, ranging from expansive customer facing healthcare, telecom and media applications to smaller LOB applications.

Currently, Pieter is diving into the fascinating realms of artificial intelligence, exploring how these cutting-edge technologies can bring added value to customer projects and solve complex problems in innovative ways.

Pieter is passionate about constantly exploring and experimenting with new and innovative technologies both at work and in his spare time, which he eagerly shares with others. He is a seasoned speaker at conferences, trainer, and blogger at blog.pieeatingninjas.be. He has been awarded the Microsoft MVP Award since 2017, reflecting his unwavering passion and expertise in serving the community. His first book, 'The MVVM Pattern in .NET MAUI' (published by Packt Publishing), was recently released and has been very well received.

Pieter Nijs is .NET Consultant at Xebia Microsoft Services where he helps customers with 'everything mobile and cloud'. He has a keen interest in mobile and cloud development and has played a key role in numerous projects, ranging from expansive ... Show more

Riccardo Perico

Riccardo Perico

Back in 2010 I began my career in IT.
After a brief stint as ERP Consultant, I transitioned into Data Realm.

Over the years, I explored the world of data from various perspectives, working both as a DBA and a BI Engineer.

I'm a Microsoft Certified Professional at different levels in databases, BI and Azure areas.

Microsoft MVP for Data Platform category from 2021 to 2024 and Microsoft Fabric Super User.

I'm one of the leaders of Power BI User Group in Italy and I'd been speaker during the Power Platform World Tour and Global Power Platform Bootcamp stops in Italy.

You can find me speaking at Azure Saturday, SQL Saturday, Data Saturday, and other community events across Europe.

I served as a technical reviewer for the books “Extending Power BI with Python and R”, "Microsoft Power BI Quick Start Guide" and “Power BI Cookbook, 3rd Edition”.

Last but not least, Hard Rock and Heavy Metal addicted!

Back in 2010 I began my career in IT. After a brief stint as ERP Consultant, I transitioned into Data Realm. Over the years, I explored the world of data from various perspectives, working both as a DBA and a BI Engineer. I'm a Microsoft Certi... Show more

Baruch Sadogursky

Baruch Sadogursky

Baruch Sadogursky (@jbaruch) did Java before it had generics, DevOps before there was Docker, and DevRel before it had a name. He started DevRel at JFrog when it was ten people and took it all the way to a successful $6B IPO by helping engineers solve problems. Now Baruch keeps helping engineers solve problems but also helps companies help engineers solve problems. He is a co-author of the "Liquid Software" and "DevOps Tools for Java Developers" books, Java Champion and CNCF Ambassador alumni, serves on multiple conference program committees, and regularly speaks at numerous most prestigious industry conferences, including Kubecon, JavaOne (RIP), Devoxx, QCon, DevRelCon, DevOpsDays (all over), DevOops (not a typo) and others.

Baruch Sadogursky (@jbaruch) did Java before it had generics, DevOps before there was Docker, and DevRel before it had a name. He started DevRel at JFrog when it was ten people and took it all the way to a successful $6B IPO by helping engineers solv... Show more

Dwayne McDaniel

Dwayne McDaniel

Dwayne has been working as a Developer Relations professional since 2015 and has been involved in tech communities since 2005. He loves sharing his knowledge, and he has done so by giving talks at over a hundred events worldwide. Dwayne currently lives in Chicago. Outside of tech, he loves karaoke, live music, and performing improv.

Dwayne has been working as a Developer Relations professional since 2015 and has been involved in tech communities since 2005. He loves sharing his knowledge, and he has done so by giving talks at over a hundred events worldwide. Dwayne currently liv... Show more

Michel Murabito

Michel Murabito

I'm Michel Murabito, Mich to my friends! Born in 1986 in Turin with Sicilian roots, I now live in Milan. My journey in software began at 12, coding for fun. At 18, I started my first job as a software developer and have continuously sought new challenges to grow and learn. Today,

I'm a Developer Advocate at Mia-Platform and a Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) Ambassador, sharing my passion for cloud native technologies with a community of curious minds. I'm also an organizer of the Cloud Native Days Italy (formerly KCD Italy) and KCD San Francisco Bay Area, fostering collaboration and innovation within the cloud native ecosystem.

I'm Michel Murabito, Mich to my friends! Born in 1986 in Turin with Sicilian roots, I now live in Milan. My journey in software began at 12, coding for fun. At 18, I started my first job as a software developer and have continuously sought new challe... Show more

Rob Sewell

Rob Sewell

Rob was a SQL Server DBA with a passion for PowerShell, Azure, Automation, and SQL (PaaS geddit?). Now he just helps people make things. He is a Data Platform MVP and an Azure MVP, a PowerShell Conference Europe organiser, and maintainer of many open-source projects. He has spoken at and volunteered at many Data and PowerShell events all over the world. He is a proud supporter of the Data and PowerShell communities.

He relishes sharing and learning and can be found doing both via Twitter and his blog. He spends most of his time looking at a screen and loves to solve problems. He knows that looking at a screen so much is bad for him because his wife tells him so. Thus, he is often out riding his bike as his eyes are not good enough to play cricket any more.

He has a fabulous beard

Rob was a SQL Server DBA with a passion for PowerShell, Azure, Automation, and SQL (PaaS geddit?). Now he just helps people make things. He is a Data Platform MVP and an Azure MVP, a PowerShell Conference Europe organiser, and maintainer of many open... Show more

Matt "Kelly" Williams

Matt "Kelly" Williams

Matt "Kelly" Williams is the founder of Making Software Greener, the CEO of the Sustainable IT Manifesto Foundation, advisory board member for the Green Computing Foundation, and a speaker and mentor on IT practices including DevOps, Cloud Computing, and mental health advocacy. He has always wanted to be a Renaissance person; perhaps one day he will be. In the meantime, he explores IT Sustainability, is learning photography, designs tabletop games, reads, weaves, cooks, hacks, and explores the mountains near Loveland, Colorado.

Matt "Kelly" Williams is the founder of Making Software Greener, the CEO of the Sustainable IT Manifesto Foundation, advisory board member for the Green Computing Foundation, and a speaker and mentor on IT practices including DevOps, Cloud Computing... Show more

Andreas Wolter

Andreas Wolter

Andreas Wolter is a former Program Manager for Access Control in Azure SQL and SQL Server at Microsoft. In this role, he spearheaded the revamp of SQL Server's permission system and the design of the external authorization system used by Purview policies and Azure database and data warehouse in Fabric.
He has over 20 years of experience with SQL Server, is one of only 7 Microsoft Certified Solutions Master for Data Platform (MCSM) and has been a regular speaker at conferences worldwide for over a decade.
Andreas is the founder of Sarpedon Quality Lab LLC, a consulting company specializing in SQL Server performance, high availability, and security, which he manages in cooperation with Sarpedon Quality Lab Germany.

Andreas Wolter is a former Program Manager for Access Control in Azure SQL and SQL Server at Microsoft. In this role, he spearheaded the revamp of SQL Server's permission system and the design of the external authorization system used by Purview poli... Show more

Viktor Hedberg

Viktor Hedberg

Security consultant with a focus on Microsoft Security either on-prem or in the cloud, and a blueteamer at heart. Viktor has worked within IT for the past 10 years always within Cyber Security. Working for public sector in Sweden for years but now as a specialist at Truesec AB focusing on proactive security measures, DFIR and advises on all things cyber.

Security consultant with a focus on Microsoft Security either on-prem or in the cloud, and a blueteamer at heart. Viktor has worked within IT for the past 10 years always within Cyber Security. Working for public sector in Sweden for years but now as... Show more

Ben Dechrai

Ben Dechrai

Ben Dechrai is a technologist with a strong focus on security and privacy, recognised as an MVP for his exceptional contributions to the community. Known for his ability to distil complex technical concepts into engaging, digestible portions, Ben empowers developers through a deep understanding of design principles, security considerations, and coding practices. With over two decades of experience in software engineering, security, and architecture, Ben is a published author and has consulted for companies and investors across numerous industries. He is deeply involved in the tech community, running technology conferences and workshops to share his expertise.

Ben Dechrai is a technologist with a strong focus on security and privacy, recognised as an MVP for his exceptional contributions to the community. Known for his ability to distil complex technical concepts into engaging, digestible portions, Ben emp... Show more

Sasha Denisov

Sasha Denisov

Sasha is an experienced software developer with a rich background, in IT for more than 20 years. He worked with different stacks in backend, frontend and mobile fields, but since 2018 his main interest is Flutter. Sasha also has deep expertise in Firebase and Generative AI area, enhancing his capabilities to create robust, intelligent, and scalable applications. Sasha is a Chief Software Engineer and Head of Flutter Discipline in EPAM. Also, he is Flutter, Dart and Firebase GDE and Co-Organizer of Flutter Berlin community

Sasha is an experienced software developer with a rich background, in IT for more than 20 years. He worked with different stacks in backend, frontend and mobile fields, but since 2018 his main interest is Flutter. Sasha also has deep expertise in Fir... Show more

Geert van der Cruijsen

Geert van der Cruijsen

Geert van der Cruijsen works as a principal consultant at Xebia in the Netherlands helping customers to build their engineering cultures and improve the way they build software. Geert specialises in Modern Software Development, DevOps, architecture, Cloud & AI and loves combining these areas. Geert is an active member of the community, co-host of the LEAD podcast, loves speaking at conferences and for his community efforts has been awarded a Microsoft MVP award for the last 7 years.

Geert van der Cruijsen works as a principal consultant at Xebia in the Netherlands helping customers to build their engineering cultures and improve the way they build software. Geert specialises in Modern Software Development, DevOps, architecture, ... Show more

Rowdy Rabouw

Rowdy Rabouw

Rowdy Rabouw is a Google Developer Expert in Web Technologies with over 25 years of experience in HTML, CSS and JavaScript. Currently, he works as a Front-End-Focused Senior DevOps Engineer on Vue, Node and NestJS projects, paying special attention to usability and accessibility. Rowdy loves his electronic drum kit and dabbles in creating music on his laptop.

Rowdy Rabouw is a Google Developer Expert in Web Technologies with over 25 years of experience in HTML, CSS and JavaScript. Currently, he works as a Front-End-Focused Senior DevOps Engineer on Vue, Node and NestJS projects, paying special attention t... Show more

Sharon Smith

Sharon Smith

I'm a dual Microsoft BizApps MVP in Customer Experience and Customer Service. An expert Microsoft Certified Solution Architect for the Dynamics 365 business applications, who's led the delivery and implementation of several tailored and value-oriented solutions to meet diverse global and national business requirements, that lead to positive customer outcomes.

15x Microsoft Certified and Success by Design Accredited, I use Success by Design principles that blend strategic design, rigorous gap analysis, and the pursuit of excellence in service delivery, to craft pathways to success for customers. My strong knowledge and implementation experience is recognized in being appointed as one of ANS Group's Lead Architects for the Microsoft FastTrack Portfolio Partner program.

As a Microsoft Women In Power Mentor, a Microsoft Power Up Program Champ, and a regular Microsoft Community contributor through my HeuristicDev blog posts and public speaking, I have a 'thing' for learning, a thirst for knowledge, and a desire for sharing both.

I'm a dual Microsoft BizApps MVP in Customer Experience and Customer Service. An expert Microsoft Certified Solution Architect for the Dynamics 365 business applications, who's led the delivery and implementation of several tailored and value-orient... Show more

Seema Saharan

Seema Saharan

Meet Seema, the tech whiz at Autodesk. She's not just about fixing things – she loves sharing what she knows! Whether speaking at cool events like GitLab Commit, and GitHub Universe or breaking down tech on her YouTube channel, Seema makes the complicated stuff easy and fun. Join her on a tech adventure where learning and sharing go hand in hand! 🚀

Meet Seema, the tech whiz at Autodesk. She's not just about fixing things – she loves sharing what she knows! Whether speaking at cool events like GitLab Commit, and GitHub Universe or breaking down tech on her YouTube channel, Seema makes the compli... Show more

Florian Lenz

Florian Lenz

Florian is a Microsoft MVP and expert for cloud-native and serverless solutions in Azure. He supports companies in optimising their cloud landscapes and building architectures that guarantee sustainable success. Florian not only imparts technical expertise, but also provides his customers with strategic support in order to achieve long-term goals and seamlessly integrate innovative solutions into existing processes.
As a consultant, trainer and author, he shares his extensive knowledge of serverless and cloud technologies and speaks at international conferences. He also passes on his knowledge via meetups and a YouTube channel on Azure Serverless.

Florian is a Microsoft MVP and expert for cloud-native and serverless solutions in Azure. He supports companies in optimising their cloud landscapes and building architectures that guarantee sustainable success. Florian not only imparts technical exp... Show more

Vesa Nopanen

Vesa Nopanen

Vesa "Vesku" Nopanen, Principal Consultant and Microsoft MVP working on Future Work at Sulava.

The journey to the Future Work is on its early steps and Vesku is guiding you and your organization towards it. He is extremely passionate about the Age of AI, combined with the power of Microsoft 365 and how this enables to change how people work together today and in the future. You can find him utilizing a variety of tools and technologies especially in the Microsoft Cloud: Azure AI, Copilot, Microsoft Teams, Loop, Mesh, Copilot Studio, Power Platform and more.

Vesku has almost 30 years of experience in IT business on multiple industries, domains, and roles. He is active speaker, blogger, evangelist, and technology community member & event organizer.
https://linktr.ee/vesanopanen

Vesa "Vesku" Nopanen, Principal Consultant and Microsoft MVP working on Future Work at Sulava. The journey to the Future Work is on its early steps and Vesku is guiding you and your organization towards it. He is extremely passionate about the Age... Show more

Daniel Oh

Daniel Oh

Daniel Oh is a Java Champion and Senior Principal Developer Advocate at Red Hat, where he leads efforts to advance cloud-native innovation through open-source technologies. Renowned for his ability to bridge technical and collaborative gaps, he empowers developers and organizations to build transformative solutions—from AI-driven applications and serverless architectures to resilient microservices. As a CNCF Ambassador, Daniel actively shapes the cloud-native ecosystem, fostering partnerships between enterprise developers, AI engineers, and platform engineering teams to accelerate hybrid cloud adoption. His technical leadership extends beyond code contributions, as he mentors communities and champions strategies that enable businesses to thrive in evolving digital landscapes. A dynamic storyteller and educator, Daniel captivates global audiences through keynote speeches, workshops, and interactive sessions, where he demystifies emerging technologies and inspires the tech community to embrace the future of open-source innovation.

Daniel Oh is a Java Champion and Senior Principal Developer Advocate at Red Hat, where he leads efforts to advance cloud-native innovation through open-source technologies. Renowned for his ability to bridge technical and collaborative gaps, he empow... Show more

Aldan Creo

Aldan Creo

Hi! I'm Aldan, and I'm passionate about technology and research. I studied Computer Science in Spain, France and Switzerland, founded a few associations and contributed to open source projects. I've also been lucky enough to get some recognition for leadership and academic achievements, and I love learning from the community and participating in events. Currently, I'm working on research that combines Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Graphs, two topics I'm always happy to talk about!

Hi! I'm Aldan, and I'm passionate about technology and research. I studied Computer Science in Spain, France and Switzerland, founded a few associations and contributed to open source projects. I've also been lucky enough to get some recognition for ... Show more

Mary Grygleski

Mary Grygleski

Mary is a Java Champion, and the Director of Emerging Technologies at Callibrity, a consulting firm based in Cincinnati, Ohio. She started as an engineer in Unix/C, then transitioned to Java around 2000 and has never looked back since then. After 20+ years of being a software engineer and technical architect, she discovered her true passion in developer and customer advocacy. Most recently she has serviced companies of various sizes such as IBM, US Cellular, Bank of America, Chicago Mercantile Exchange, in topic areas that included Java, GenAI, Streaming systems, Open source, Cloud and Distributed messaging systems. She is also a very active tech community leader outside of her day job. She is the President of the Chicago Java Users Group (CJUG), and the Chicago Chapter Co-Lead for AICamp.

Mary is a Java Champion, and the Director of Emerging Technologies at Callibrity, a consulting firm based in Cincinnati, Ohio. She started as an engineer in Unix/C, then transitioned to Java around 2000 and has never looked back since then. After 2... Show more

James Serra

James Serra

James works at Microsoft as a big data and data warehousing solution architect where he has been for most of the last ten years. He is a thought leader in the use and application of Big Data and advanced analytics, including data architectures such as the modern data warehouse, data lakehouse, data fabric, and data mesh. Previously he was an independent consultant working as a Data Warehouse/Business Intelligence architect and developer. He is a prior SQL Server MVP with nearly 40 years of IT experience. He is a popular blogger (JamesSerra.com) and speaker, having presented at dozens of major events including PASS Summit, SQLBits, Data Summit, SQLDay, Enterprise Data World conference, Big Data Conference Europe, SQL Saturdays, and Informatica World. He is the author of the book “Deciphering Data Architectures: Choosing Between a Modern Data Warehouse, Data Fabric, Data Lakehouse, and Data Mesh”.

James works at Microsoft as a big data and data warehousing solution architect where he has been for most of the last ten years. He is a thought leader in the use and application of Big Data and advanced analytics, including data architectures such ... Show more

Anton Babenko

Anton Babenko

Anton is AWS Community Hero and helps companies around the globe build solutions using AWS and specializes in infrastructure-as-code, DevOps, and reusable infrastructure components.

He spends much of his time as an open-source contributor on various Terraform & AWS projects, such as Terraform AWS modules (downloaded more than 1 billion times), Terraform best practices ebook (www.terraform-best-practices.com), doing serverless with Terraform (serverless.tf), Terraform Weekly (weekly.tf), Your Weekly Dose of Terraform (http://bit.ly/terraform-youtube).

Anton co-founded and co-organizes AWS, DevOps, and HashiCorp User Groups in Norway and often speaks at technical meetups and conferences.

Anton is AWS Community Hero and helps companies around the globe build solutions using AWS and specializes in infrastructure-as-code, DevOps, and reusable infrastructure components. He spends much of his time as an open-source contributor on vario... Show more

Nicolas Fränkel

Nicolas Fränkel

Nicolas Fränkel is a technologist focusing on cloud-native technologies, DevOps, CI/CD pipelines, and system observability. His focus revolves around creating technical content, delivering talks, and engaging with developer communities to promote the adoption of modern software practices. With a strong background in software, he has worked extensively with the JVM, applying his expertise across various industries. In addition to his technical work, he is the author of several books and regularly shares insights through his blog and open-source contributions.

Nicolas Fränkel is a technologist focusing on cloud-native technologies, DevOps, CI/CD pipelines, and system observability. His focus revolves around creating technical content, delivering talks, and engaging with developer communities to promote the... Show more

François Martin

François Martin

François Martin is a senior full stack software engineer at Karakun AG, living in Switzerland. He is an active open source contributor and co-author of the two open source JavaFX frameworks WorkbenchFX and PreferencesFX, an active member of the Swiss Testing Board, and participates in the working group of Advanced and Expert level at ISTQB. He is also a co-author of the ISTQB Test Analyst v4.0 and the upcoming Security Test Analyst syllabus.

François Martin is a senior full stack software engineer at Karakun AG, living in Switzerland. He is an active open source contributor and co-author of the two open source JavaFX frameworks WorkbenchFX and PreferencesFX, an active member of the Swiss... Show more

Alfonso Graziano

Alfonso Graziano

Alfonso Graziano is a Tech Lead with a strong background in software engineering, specializing in JavaScript, and distributed systems. Currently at Nearform, Alfonso leads engineering teams to deliver impactful projects, for governmental institutions and enterprise. With a history of scaling teams and designing innovative solutions across industries like fintech and media platforms, Alfonso brings expertise in AWS, Node.js, and React. Passionate about knowledge sharing, he loves to solve problems and contributes to tech communities. In his free time, he enjoys cooking, learning, and spending quality time with loved ones.

Alfonso Graziano is a Tech Lead with a strong background in software engineering, specializing in JavaScript, and distributed systems. Currently at Nearform, Alfonso leads engineering teams to deliver impactful projects, for governmental institutions... Show more

Ram Mohan Rao Chukka

Ram Mohan Rao Chukka

Ram is a Senior Software Engineer at JFrog R&D . Previously worked for startup companies like CallidusCloud (SAP Company), Konylabs. Loves Automation, Linux, openSource

Ram is a Senior Software Engineer at JFrog R&D . Previously worked for startup companies like CallidusCloud (SAP Company), Konylabs. Loves Automation, Linux, openSource Show more

Christoph Twiehaus

Christoph Twiehaus

Christoph's professional journey has been shaped by his experiences at a German insurance group, a mid-sized IT consulting firm specializing in Microsoft technologies, and Microsoft itself. His passion lies in digital transformation and its impact on individuals and businesses. For Christoph, the human aspect and their needs within the digital transformation space take precedence, along with the ever-evolving technological challenges.

He also enjoys challenging the status quo occasionally. There isn't a one-size-fits-all solution for every customer. Daily reevaluation is essential to achieve the best outcomes, recognizing that each customer and project is unique and cannot be replicated exactly.

Christoph's professional journey has been shaped by his experiences at a German insurance group, a mid-sized IT consulting firm specializing in Microsoft technologies, and Microsoft itself. His passion lies in digital transformation and its impact on... Show more

Ivan Pesenti

Ivan Pesenti

Ivan is an Italian guy who loves coding and computer stuff. He lives in a small town in the north of Italy.
Since 2014, he works as a software developer. He's mainly focused on server-side programming, especially in building Web APIs and serverless applications. Two of his major concerns about software development are code security and tests.
During his spare time, he loves sharing his knowledge with the community by giving talks related to computer science stuff. He also writes technical blog posts sharing his expertise and best practices. He's also a mentor for junior developers and also for students who aim to be professional software developers in their lives. He tries to help everyone (without distinction in gender, nationality, age, and so on) with empathy and determination. He's also a course author.
One of the things he loves most by far is problem-solving. His attitude reflects on Q&A platforms, like Stack Overflow, where he tries to help others figure out their challenges.
He's a great listener. One of his mantras is: "We can learn everything from everyone.".
He's funny and loves spending time with friends and geeks. During his activities, his primary goal is not to be toxic in the community. He always tries to help others with a smile without any distinction.

Ivan is an Italian guy who loves coding and computer stuff. He lives in a small town in the north of Italy. Since 2014, he works as a software developer. He's mainly focused on server-side programming, especially in building Web APIs and serverless ... Show more

Charles Lakes II, MCT

Charles Lakes II, MCT

Charles is a technical speaker and low-code advocate with a pro-code background, specializing in transforming business data architecture. Passionate about innovation, he shares his expertise to solve complex problems and engineer creative solutions. Charles guides organizations in reimagining legacy processes, optimizing AI, BI, and automation initiatives, streamlining operations, and reducing infrastructure costs.

| Software Engineer Plus Ultra | Soufside

Charles is a technical speaker and low-code advocate with a pro-code background, specializing in transforming business data architecture. Passionate about innovation, he shares his expertise to solve complex problems and engineer creative solutions. ... Show more

Please note that Sessionize is not responsible for the accuracy or validity of the data provided by speakers.

Most Active Speakers 2024

Every year, we put together a list of the most active speakers. This list features the top 3% of speakers who have participated in events using Sessionize during the 2024.

The 3% is calculated from the pool of all speakers that have at least one accepted session in year 2024. We don't include inactive speakers or speakers that had no accepted sessions during the year. There are around 38,000 unique accepted speakers this year, the 3% is 1036. Not all of them have their speaker profiles set as public, and we respect that, so the list doesn't show all of them.

The calculation is based on the number of accepted events, that's the main criteria, but to get more refined results we also look at things like multiple sessions per event, sharing a session with a co-speaker and how big the event is. Number of submissions and declined sessions don't affect the list.

Please note that the count of events and sessions in this list does not represent the number of events and sessions from the year 2024. Instead, it shows the number of events and sessions featured on the speaker's public speaker profile; these numbers have nothing to do with the award itself.